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In the 1980s, Jane Collier revisited a village in Andalusia, where she and others had conducted fieldwork twenty years earlier, to investigate changes in family relationships and to explore the larger question of the development of a 鈥渕odern subjectivity鈥� among the people. Whereas the villagers she met in the sixties stressed the importance of meeting social obligations, the people she interviewed more recently emphasized the need to think for oneself: status concerns in choosing a spouse had apparently been replaced by romantic love, patriarchal authority by partnership marriages, parental demands for obedience by hopes of earning children’s affection, mourners鈥� respect for the dead by personal expressions of grief. In each of these areas, the author detected a modern concern for 鈥減roducing oneself,鈥� which emerged with changes in how villagers experienced social inequality.


Collier notes that when inheritance appeared to determine social status, villagers protected family reputations and properties by demonstrating concern for 鈥渨hat others might say.鈥� Once villagers began participating in the national job market, where individual achievement appeared to determine a worker’s income, they focused on realizing their inner abilities and productive capacities. Sensitivity to one’s feelings, thoughts, and aptitudes, along with 鈥渞ational鈥� assessments of the costs and benefits entailed in 鈥渃hoosing鈥� how to use them, testified to a person’s unceasing efforts to realize inner potentials. The author also traces shifts in the meaning of 鈥渢radition,鈥� suggesting that although 鈥渕odern鈥� people cannot 鈥渂e鈥� traditional, they must have traditions in order to produce themselves.